Foundation of The Republic of Turkey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Negative Images of African Americans in the Media Free Essays

Broad communications is an amazing power in American mainstream society. Pictures seen on announcements, TV, magazines, and the big screen make enduring impressions. Some of the time these impressions have a negative effect. We will compose a custom article test on Negative Images of African Americans in the Media or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now Broad communications can be extremely inconvenient to society on the off chance that it isn't reprimanded. Numerous gatherings of Americans are adversely influenced by the pictures and substance of broad communications. African Americans are at the highest priority on this rundown. Pictures of African Americans in TV, music, and film are regularly not exactly heavenly. Dark men are regularly depicted as medication pushers, pimps, hooligans, and bum fathers, while dark ladies are depicted as poor, languid, and unbridled. This needs to stop! That is guaranteed! Question is, how are these negative pictures going to be halted? A few stages ought to be taken so as to forestall these negative pictures in the media. The birthplaces of these pictures should be analyzed, and current bigotry and partiality should be uncovered. There might be some precision to the negative pictures of African Americans in the media, however that is no reason. The media should concentrate more on inspiring individuals. African Americans have generally had a hindrance when contrasted with their white partners. This ought not be abused for diversion purposes. African Americans are regularly positioned in jobs that depict them as inadequately taught. This dates right to minstrel appears! This is as yet a difficult today! Americans are progressively open to giggling at blacks as pair to getting blacks. The primary issue with pictures of African Americans is that they are one dimensional. African Americans are different and originated from an assortment of foundations. In the event that an African American is depicted as a junkie or a convict, at that point there ought to be some thinking behind this. Individuals don’t become medicate addicts for entertainment purposes; they become tranquilize addicts since they need to numb themselves from the torment and enduring of their regular day to day existences. Dark people don’t become crooks since they are loathsome individuals. They become lawbreakers since they are encouraged that they have no other alternative! African Americans need to support themselves and battle against the media. That is the main way things will change. While doing this, they may need to scrutinize other African Americans. This ought to be finished with adoration. Dark rappers, vocalists, and on-screen characters ought to be held with some obligation. Dark pioneers like Oprah Winfrey and Bill Cosby have revolted against this. Rappers, including Ludacris and 50 Cent have been censured for their verses. It is hazy on the off chance that they are rapping about their encounters so as to uncover their battles, or in the event that they are misusing the dark battle with their verses. Brutality, sexuality, and the absence of training are sadly a piece of African American culture. The media should show this. Rappers and artists ought to perform melodies about this. Dark on-screen characters should assume jobs that delineate this. Dark on-screen characters, artists, and rappers ought not misuse these weaknesses. Rather they should utilize their art to make answers for these issues. Medications and savagery ought not be glamorized! Instructions to refer to Negative Images of African Americans in the Media, Essay models

The Best Reason to Write a Personal Essay

The Best Reason to Write a Personal EssayDo you remember when it was possible to write a personal essay? Of course you do. I'm thinking of when everybody went to the school of hard knocks and made it to college or a university in their junior or senior year. The thought of writing a paper on a topic that nobody has ever heard of is almost hilarious.Well, if you still have your thesis paper from Junior Cert it is probably time to look for more personal essay samples. There are a few out there, but let's start with Junior Cert essay samples and move to what it means to write a personal essay.Junior Cert is not the same as Senior Cert or even High School, at least not to begin with. So what are you supposed to write about anyway? I mean sure you could write about 'my' first time at the soccer field, but I doubt if you even made it that far. It's time to move on and make something that is personal and reflects who you are.We all want to be unique and have our own signature, but it's not always realistic when we're writing. Most of us are just repeating ourselves. You might come up with an interesting way to say something, but if you can't get it out in the open you are just going to have to accept it and do the best you can. This isn't so much a problem as long as you keep your sentences short and concise and follow the main ideas that you are trying to get across.Why should you write a personal essay? One of the biggest benefits is that it is a great way to be creative. Because of this, you can really let your imagination run wild. With personal essay samples you can make your own ideas into reality. Because you can mix and match different styles, you will find that it is possible to compose some pretty good essays.You might have read somewhere that you are really good at English, but you don't know how to make a personal essay. Well there is a place to go where you can hone your skills. It's called Junior Cert and if you are interested in writing a personal essay then you should definitely attend.As soon as you graduate from Junior Cert and enter the real world you should try to write a personal essay. It's a great way to express yourself and it can become a lifelong hobby. I'm not saying that writing a personal essay isn't going to be hard, but there are a lot of people who really do put in the time and effort required to write an excellent essay.Remember that writing a personal essay isn't easy but that doesn't mean that you shouldn't try. It's a rewarding experience that you should pursue.

Discuss the development of one character from the crucible...

The classic play ‘The Crucible’, written in 1953 by Arthur Miller, contains many major characters that assist in embodying an idea. The play tracks the development of Reverend Hale allowing readers to understand the flawed and unwavering theocratic and authoritative governing system evident in Salem. Hale develops throughout the play, changing from an incredibly naà ¯ve and authoritative character who the readers have an aversion towards to a virtuous and righteous man who is respected for his actions by the readers. In this way, Miller is effective in developing the character of Hale throughout the acts. The Crucible is an allegorical play based upon the real life witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts, 1692 and the ways in which they†¦show more content†¦On another level, Hale is representative of an individual in society who at the start of the proceedings has a strong belief in moral absolutism. Hale perfectly fits this mould, at the start of the play he has utter confidence in the theocracy and an unwavering belief in the idea that there are witches in Salem. As a result, readers have a slight aversion to Hale’s haughty attitude due to his one dimensional personality.’ Miller uses Hale in Act 1 to emphasise the naivety of the totalitarian regime and the foolishness of individuals who desired to do good in society. In Act 2, Miller highlights Hale’s admirable qualities, hence revealing the cracks in the theocratic rule. Hale is described in act 2 as a man with virtuous intents despite being slightly misguided. He is highly inquisitive and wishes to do the best for the court, and as a result in act 2, he still believes in the proceedings of the court and moral absolutism. However, there are some redeemable qualities that Hale possesses in act 2; throughout this act he continually wishes to do good and to find justice. In the line ‘she is far from accused and I know she will not be’ is the first time that Hale is unsure about the morals of the court. This allows readers to understand the flaws in the theocratic rule as well as foreshadowing the major flaws and weaknesses in the theocraticShow MoreRelatedEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 Pagesâ€Å"Literature is the question minus the answer.† Choose a novel or play and, considering Barthes’ Observation, write a n essay in which you analyze a central question the work raises and the extent to which it offers any answers. Explain how the author’s treatment of this question affects your understanding of the work as a whole. Avoid mere plot summary. You may select a work from the list below or another novel or play of comparable literary merit. Alias Grace Middlemarch All the King’s MenRead MoreThe Frontier Thesis3825 Words   |  16 PagesFrederick Jackson Turner’s (1861-1932) famous essay â€Å"The Significance of the Frontier in American history.†[1] This thesis shaped both popular and scholarly views of the West for the next two generations. In his thesis, Turner argued that the West had to be taken seriously. He felt that up to his time there had not been enough research of what he in his essay call â€Å"the fundamental, dominating fact in the U.S. history†: the territorial expansion from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast. The frontierRead More The Sound and the Fury Essay6993 Words   |  28 Pagestheir faces with apprehension—the dark and muddied stain of filth firmly planted on the bottom of the little girl’s underpants. This scene from William Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury illustrates Faulkner’s incredible talent for storytelling that has enabled him to trap readers and critics in his spectrum of characters for decades. Weaving intense characters together with stories of despair and triumph, Faulkner produces a tapestry that blankets readers with his love/hate relationship with the SouthRead MoreWhiteness as a Field of Study2712 Words   |  11 Pagesrules on his mad search of the white whale, the American politico-legal system disregarded its basic principles, such as the ones reflected in the Declaration of Independence or the Constitution, in the mad search for the national fantasy of a â€Å"White Republic.† David R. Roediger argues that the genesis of this national fantasy was the necessity to separate the slave-owners from their slaves, making slavery more palatable to the freedom loving Americans. Despite the symbolical importance of racialRead MoreEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 PagesInformation  ©2000-2007 BookRags, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The following sections of this BookRags Premium Study Guide is offprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.  ©1998-2002;Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesRastafari This page intentionally left blank Rastafari From Outcasts to Culture Bearers Ennis Barrington Edmonds 2003 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the Universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata KualaRead MoreBook to Study English for Chemistry12934 Words   |  52 Pagescontent of this text. In the ten units that provide material for a one semester course, the emphasis is put on teaching the students vocabulary and terminology, which is introduced via authentic texts, depending on the topic of each unit. Students are encouraged to learn the meaning of new words in context. Grammar is included too, with the aim of demonstrating and explaining grammatical rules by means of examples taken directly from the texts. For the more advanced students, grammatical exercisesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval

Auditing Profession - Example - 1610 Words

Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). Auditing should be done by a competent, independent person. Accounting is the recording, classifying, and summarizing of economic events in a logical manner for the purpose of providing financial information for decision making (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). Many people confuse auditing with accounting because auditing is usually concerned with accounting information, and many auditors have a considerable amount of experience in the accounting profession. This confusion results from the certified public accountant title given to†¦show more content†¦Internal audit experience can be used to fulfill the experience requirement for becoming a CPA (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). The AICPA is the organization that sets professional requirements for CPAs. The AICPA also conducts research and publishes materials on many different subjects related to accounting, auditing, management advisory services, and taxes (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). The organization also prepares and grades the CPA examinations, provides continuing education to its members, and develops specialty designations to help market and assure the quality of services in specialized practice areas (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board provides oversight for auditors of public companies, including establishing auditing and quality control standards for public company audits, and performing inspections of the quality controls at audit firms performing those audits (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). The PCAOB has responsibility for establishing auditing standards for public companies, while the Auditing Standards Board (ASB) of the AICPA establishes auditing standards for private companies. The ASB previously had responsibility for establishing auditing standards for both public and private companies (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). Existing auditing standards were adopted by the PCAOB as interim auditing standards for public company audits (Arens, Elder, Beasley, 2010). Generally Accepted Auditing StandardsShow MoreRelatedNature of Auditing and the Public Accounting Profession1163 Words   |  5 Pages Nature of Auditing and the Public Accounting Profession 1. Auditing neither creates goods nor adds utility to existing goods and therefore does not add value to business. Auditing exists only because it has been legally mandated. Auditing exists because it is needed by the company. It is beneficial to users who need assurance if their financial statements reflect economic conditions that occurred in a period. Without reliable information, companies might make less effective decisions whichRead MoreAdelphi Accounting Scandal Case Study1511 Words   |  6 Pagesclimate in the auditing profession, a consequence of the apparent role that auditors played in some of the scandals. SOX mandated that auditors cannot audit the same companies for which they provide consulting services, as this link was perceived to result in audit teams being pressured to perform lax audits in order to secure more consulting business from the clients. There were other provisions in SOX that increased the regulatory burden on the auditing profession in response to lax auditing practicesRead MoreThe Effect Of Sarbanes Oxley On Accounting Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pagespublic company boards, management and public accounting firms. After Sarbanes Oxley law came out, the effects on the whole business market has changed a lot. Also, the law took a big challenge on the governance, tax, implementation and accounting profession. Problem before Sarbanes Oxley The financial report during the late 1990s and early 2000s had less public confidence in the auditor’s performance. The first issues are on the rise of non- audit, consulting and service. At that time, clients wereRead MoreChallenges Faced By Big Data945 Words   |  4 PagesChallenges Although the opportunities for Big Data in auditing are plentiful, there are also challenges that arise. One of the biggest challenges for Big Data is how it may affect the quality of auditors’ judgements. When dealing with large amounts of Big Data, auditors must maintain the standards of independence and professional skepticism. They must not let company’s Big Data findings significantly influence their audit opinion to the point where they succumb to audit risk and issue the wrongRead MoreBig Data And Business Innovation1665 Words   |  7 Pagesways. It has become important primarily for business decision making. One aspect of business that Big Data is now affecting is the auditing profession. Many opportunities exist for Big Data to improve the standard auditing procedure. However, certain challenges may prevent it from assisting in its full potential. In addition to challenges in the auditing profession, Big Data also has its own ethical implications. In this report, all of these facets of Big Data will be discussed in detail. DefinitionsRead MoreAudit Expectations Gap1349 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Within the current crisis of confidence in the public accounting profession after the Enron debacle and series of high profile failures of financial services firms, the issues about ‘audit expectation gap’ have never been more important. Though it would take an enormous amount of effort to address these issues, I will argue that tremendous amounts could be done in order to close the gap down. In this essay I will discuss some of these issues and in particular the strategies to reduceRead MoreAudit Planning And The Audit1215 Words   |  5 Pages(International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board)reveals characteristic similarities and differences, which have an overall impact on the performance of the audit. Audit planning is carried in accordance with the guidelines of the specific accounting body. Therefore, in doing so, the Auditor need to identify the jurisdiction under which a firm falls under to establish which standards to adopt. According to PCAOB, an audit planning should be done in accordance to PCAOB standards (Auditing StandardRead MoreInternational Standard On Auditing Standards1745 Words   |  7 Pagesaccounting and auditing standards is desirable. In this essay, I am going to evaluate the challenge of convergence, why it is necessary and the benefit it brings back for an economy. 1. Background International Standard on Auditing (ISAs) is defined as â€Å"professional standards that deal with the independent auditor’s responsibilities when conducting an audit of financial statements†. All these standards are issued by International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) through the International Auditing and AssuranceRead MoreProfessional Skepticism Throughout A Winter Quarter Auditing Internship1437 Words   |  6 Pagesprofessional skepticism throughout a winter quarter auditing internship. Third, as described in PCAOB Audit Staff Practice Alert No. 10, the PCAOB plans to explore meaningful ways to enhance auditor’s professional skepticism. Therefore, contained in section three is a proposal which provides justification for an implementation that may enhance the application of professional skepticism throughout the auditing profession. In culmination of discussing these examples, professional skepticism should stand outRead MoreGenerally Accepted Auditi ng Principles1187 Words   |  5 PagesGenerally Accepted Auditing Principles Generally Accepted Auditing Principles There are many different types of audits including financial statements audit, the operational audit and the compliance audit. Either an internal auditor or an external auditor from another firm can conduct these various audits. â€Å"The American Accounting Association defines auditing as a systematic process of objectively obtaining and evaluating the accounts of financial records of a governmental, business,

Eva Smiths journal Essay Example For Students

Eva Smiths journal Essay An inspector calls was written by J.B. Priestley, full name John Boynton Priestley, in 1945. This play is a great example of some of Priesteys best work. Set in 1912 (the same as Eden End, written in 1934) before the war.  It is about morals and how ones actions can influence the lives of other people. It is also about responsibility for ones actions, both individual and collective, and the consequences that may follow. The characters in the play are shown what their actions have created and the consequences of them. The inspector in the play, Inspector Goole, is not one of the characters being shown the consequences of his own actions, but he is the character revealing them. He has several roles, some obvious, others not so, but all are equally important. In this essay I will be stating my opinion on several points and discussing many areas, some in more detail than others, but all with my personal thoughts and opinions.  The dramatic role of the inspector:  The role of the inspector, in my opinion, is the most substantial. He is in the centre of everything and Priestley wanted him to seem significant to the other characters so this makes him crucial. Priestley made Inspector Goole seem important by changing the scene when he arrived. The Inspectors entrance is perfectly timed for just when Mr Birling says a man has to mind his own business, and look after himself and his own (act 1, p. 10). The Inspector has the opposite opinion to Mr Birling so it is ironic that he should arrive exactly after Mr Birling has stated his opinion, as if the Inspector was there to challenge Mr Birlings view. The scene change at the Inspectors entrance also makes the Inspector appear to be of more significance to the audience. The change also shows how the atmosphere has changed or how it is going to change. The scene and atmosphere changes mirror each other. The scene change goes from soft pink lighting to a strong and harder bright lighting and the atmosphere goes from a happy and relaxed celebration of an engagement to a serious and depressing inquiry, drudging up some of the characters deepest, darkest secrets (Eric and Gerald in particular). The atmospheric change is obviously not as apparent as quickly, but is far more important as the lighting is just an extra sign that the evening is going to get serious. Inspector Goole is in his fifties and dressed in a plain, dark suit of the period. I think that with the appearance of the inspector, Priestley was trying to make him seem wise. In his notes he states the inspector need not be a big man but he creates at once an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness. (Act one, p. 11), showing that Priestley wants Inspector Goole to appear powerful, strong and knowledgeable. I would also add confident as Priestley has written, he speaks carefully, weightily and has a disconcerting habit of looking hard at the person he addresses before actually speaking (act one, p 11) as if the inspector was trying to suss out the person he was addressing perhaps. The Inspectors manner of questioning is very controlling as he takes charge of all situations and is in control of all of the action. For example, when the Birlings begin to argue, (act 3, p 55) the inspector says, Stop! and they all fall silent and stare at him. He has the ability to silence an argument which shows he is masterful and powerful. Inspector Goole appears to orchestrate the events as he takes control of the situation, he is very much in charge and the conductor of the evening. .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 , .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .postImageUrl , .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 , .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:hover , .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:visited , .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:active { border:0!important; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:active , .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2 .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1ab289039434bf3d6c4ad982f94ac3b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Proctor's servant EssayInspector Goole also uses photographs to bring the conversation back to Eva Smith when it had begun to drift towards other matters. He goes from person to person, with some, showing them a photo to confirm their connection with her. He only ever allows one person at a time to see the photograph and then follows the confirmation with questions, going through each person in turn. Gerald and Eric, however, didnt see the photograph as Gerald confirmed that he knew her by recognising her changed name, Daisy Renton, and Eric didnt as everyone already knew that he knew her. The inspector appears omniscient, which means that he seems to be all knowing. I think the audience begins to notice this when he tells the characters facts that only one of them knew, for example, when he tells everyone in act 2 , p.43 that Mrs Birling spoke to and saw her only two weeks ago. Inspector Goole claims that his knowledge originated from Eva Smiths journal. The characters notice his omniscience as well, for example when Sheila states in act 3 we hardly ever told him anything he didnt already know. (Sheila, act three, p 60). The ending of the play is very dramatic and leaves the audience and characters with many questions. The stage directions at the end of the play say As they stare guiltily and dumbfounded, the curtain falls. Priestley masterfully created this by changing the atmosphere over and over until the characters are at breaking point. They go from being relaxed to being shocked, from tense and guilty to inquisitive, from laughter and being calmer to, at the very end, being confused. Their emotions are on a roller coaster ride which is exhausting for the characters and audience. Towards the end of the play the characters start doubting whether or not he was an Inspector. When Gerald has their suspicions confirmed they disregard everything he has taught them. He wasnt an inspector. Said by Mr Birling, (act three, p 66). They start to laugh about the situation thinking that it has all been a hoax and therefore no longer matters. Youll have a good laugh over it yet. (Mr Birling, act three, p 71).Sheila and Eric, however, have the opposite reaction. They believe that it does not matter whether he was an inspector or not because what they have done is very real so they should still feel guilty. Well, he inspected us all right. And dont lets start dodging and pretending now. Between us we drove this girl to commit suicide. (Sheila, act three, p 66). I agree with them. We never find out who Inspector Goole is, but this does not matter because it is not his title that makes him of significance, it is what he believes and what he has taught the Birlings, Sheila and Eric at least. At the end of the play I was left feeling confused about how what had happened during the course of the play was actually possible. I was left thinking, which is probably what Priestley wanted. The ending also left me feeling shocked, as this was not what I had expected to happen. I expected someone to go to the media and shame and disgrace the Birling family. I did not expect to the Birlings to discover that she had not died when Gerald rang the infirmary. I was even more shocked to find that shortly afterwards the Birlings received a telephone call from the police saying that an inspector was on his way round to ask some questions as a girl had just died on her way to the infirmary after drinking disinfectant.

Progressivism Movement Essays - United States, Theodore Roosevelt

Progressivism Movement Progressivism implies a philosophy which welcomes innovations and reforms in the political, economic, and social order. The Progressive movement, 1901 to 1917, was ultimately the triumph of conservatism rather than a victory for liberalism. In a general sense, the conservative goals of this period justified the Liberal reforms enacted by Progressive leaders. Deviating from the ?traditional? definition of conservatism (a resistance to change and a disposition of hostility to innovations in the political, social, and economic order), the Conservatist triumph was in the sense that there was an effort to maintain basic social and economic relations vital to a capitalist society. The Progressive leaders essentially wanted to perpetuate Liberal reform in order to bring upon general conservatism. Expansion of the federal government's powers, competition and economic distribution of wealth, and the social welfare of American citizens concerned the many leaders of this era. The business influence on politics was quite significant of the Progressive Era. Not only did the three leading Progressive political figures, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson, bring upon new heights to government regulation, but also the great business leaders of this era defined the units of political intervention. With political capitalism rising to fame, Progressive politics experienced new themes and areas. The inevitability of federal regulation policies, reformation of social welfare, conservation, and various innovations with banking led to one conservative effort: the preservation of existing powers and economic/social relations. The political leaders of this ear were conservative in that they all believed in the fundamentals of basic capitalism. The various forms of anti-trust legislation presented by each president made the nation one step closer to providing a stable, predictable, and secure, therefore, conservative capitalist society. Theodore Roosevelt's statist tendencies brought new meaning to government regulation. Roosevelt's Anti-Trust policy of 1902 pledged government intervention to break up illegal monopolies and regulate corporations for the public good. Roosevelt felt that ?bad? trusts threatened competition and markets. in order to restore free competition, President Roosevelt ordered the Justice department to prosecute corporations pursing monopolistic practices. However, the Judicial Branch repudiated its duty (right of reason) and now, even if the impact of the market was not harmful, actions that restrained or monopolized trade would automatically put a firm in violation of the Sherman law. In 1902, the United Mine Workers were willing to submit to arbitration, but the coal operators adamantly opposed any recognition of the union. Thus, the union members decided to strike over wages, safety conditions, and union recognition. The Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 ended with the appointment by Roosevelt of an arbitration commission to rule on the issues. Business men did not regard politics (government regulation) as a necessary evil, but as an important part of their position in society. Roosevelt did not see big business as evil, but a permanent development that was necessary in a modern economy. Roosevelt couldn't rely on the courts to distinguish between ?good? or ?bad? trusts. The only solution was for the executive to assume that responsibility. Roosevelt's ingenious ?square dealings? and ?gentlemen's agreements? controlled many firms. In 1903, a new cabinet position was created to address the concerns of business and labor (Department of Commerce and Labor). Within the department, the Bureau of Corporations was empowered to investigate and report on illegal activities of corporations. The abuse of economic power by railroads proposed another problem for Roosevelt. However, in 1903, the Elkins Act empowered the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission, first American federal regulatory agency) to act against discriminatory rebates. Also, in 1906, the Hepburn Act increased the ICC membership from five to seven. The ICC could set its own fair freight rates, had its regulatory pwer extended over pipelines, bridges, and express companies, and was empowered to require a uniform system of accounting by regulated transportation companies. Besides economic relations, Roosevelt involved himself in many important conservative social relations. The Secretary of treasury created an inspection organization to certify that cattle for export were free of disease. With disappointing results, Germany and other European countries banned the importation of American meant. Federal regulation helped improve exports to Europe, free competition, another conservative effort. In 1906, the Meat Inspection Act provided for federal and sanitary regulations and inspections in meant packing facilities. Also, the Pure Food and Drug Act prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of adulterated labeled foods and drugs in accordance with consumer demands. Roosevelt passed many conservation laws from 1902 to 1908 to create federal irrigation projects,